AIM: To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) among dyspeptic patients and to assess the relationship between H pylori infection, blood group, HIV infection and life style of the patients.METHODS: In a hospital-based cross-sectional study,patients attending Outpatient Department of University of Gondar Hospital were enrolled. Socio-demographic information was collected using questionnaires. Serum was analyzed for anti-H pylori IgG antibodies using a commercial kit. HIV serostatus was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Blood grouping was performed by slide agglutination tests.RESULTS: A total of 215 dyspeptic patients were included in the study. One hundred and sixteen patients (54%) were females and 99 (46%) were males. Anti-H pylori IgG antibodies were detected in sera of 184 (85.6%) patients. The prevalence was significantly higher in patients aged 50 years and above. Twenty point five percent of the patients were found to be seropositive for HIV. No significant association was found between sex,ABO blood groups, consumption of spicy diets, socioeconomic status and seropositivity for H pylori. However,alcohol consumption was significantly associated with H pylori serology.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of H pylori infection is associated with a history of alcohol intake and older age.The effect of different diet, alcohol and socioeconomic status as risk factors for H pylori infection needs further study.