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文章通过建立引入异质性消费者假设的质量异质性企业模型,从需求角度论证了一国及其贸易伙伴国国内的收入差距对企业质量选择与行业生产率的影响。分析结果表明:(1)一国的收入差距决定该国整体质量偏好强度,而质量偏好强度提高会使企业提高产品质量,同时生产低端产品的企业被淘汰。因此,一国的收入差距影响企业产品质量选择及实施产品质量升级的企业比例,进而影响行业生产率。(2)一国实施产品质量升级的动力还来自贸易伙伴国对产品质量的需求,而这种需求又由贸易伙伴国的收入差距决定。文章的研究结论对于现阶段中国出口厂商生产转型、实现国内外两个市场协同发展具有重要的实践指导意义。
The article demonstrates the impact of the income gap in a country and its trading partner country on the choice of firm quality and industry productivity from the perspective of demand by establishing a heterogeneous quality heterogeneous enterprise model that introduces heterogeneous consumer hypotheses. The results of the analysis show that: (1) The income gap of a country determines the overall quality preference intensity of the country, and the improvement of the quality preference will enable enterprises to improve the product quality while the enterprises that produce low-end products are eliminated. As a result, the income gap in a country affects the proportion of enterprises that make decisions about the quality of their products and the quality of their products, which in turn affects the productivity of the industry. (2) The impetus of a country to implement product quality upgrading also comes from the trade partner country’s demand for product quality, which in turn is determined by the income disparity of the trading partner countries. The conclusion of the article is of practical significance for the transition of Chinese exporters’ production and the realization of the coordinated development of the two markets at home and abroad at this stage.