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介绍了电动助力转向系统(Electric Power Steering,EPS)的工作原理及控制器(Electric Control Unit,ECU)的构成和关键技术。建立了控制器的有限元热分析模型与边界条件,根据基本传热原理,计算出在室温时ECU的温度分布。为了提高ECU的散热能力并得到更合理的ECU结构布局,分别考察了ECU散热机构在室温工作时,同一节点在不同结构参数时的温度值。综合以上分析结果,考虑降低PCB板与ECU芯片的工作温度与加工成本、空间布局等情况,设计了最优的ECU散热结构,分析优化后的节点温度,比最初的温度降低了3℃,从而大大提高了ECU的散热能力,提高了其工作可靠性。
The working principle of Electric Power Steering (EPS) and the structure and key technologies of the Electric Control Unit (ECU) are introduced. The finite element thermal analysis model and boundary conditions of the controller are established. According to the basic heat transfer principle, the temperature distribution of ECU at room temperature is calculated. In order to improve the cooling ability of the ECU and get a more reasonable layout of the ECU structure, the temperature values of the same node under different structural parameters when the ECU cooling mechanism operates at room temperature are respectively investigated. Based on the above analysis results, considering the working temperature, processing cost and space layout of the PCB and ECU chips, the optimal ECU cooling structure is designed and the optimized node temperature is analyzed, which is lower by 3 ℃ than the original one Greatly enhance the ECU’s cooling capacity and improve the reliability of its work.