论及历史学的学科功能,从传统的修身养性、经邦建国到现代的指点人类迷途,历史学家会如数家珍。然而,历史学应该做什么,必须做什么,对历史研究者来说,又不是一个答案很简单明了的问题。历史学作用的无穷无尽的表像不仅给了历史研究者一份骄傲,也使自身成为历史学界长期争论不休,又难有定论的话题。 对历史学学科功能认识模糊不清的原因在于对其确定依据的忽略。史学家们在提出历史学的学科功能时,只是依据传统、依据感觉来思考历史学能够做什么,很少考虑过它的确定依据。所以,事实上,他们只 On the history of disciplinary functions, from the traditional self-cultivation, the founding of the state by the state to the modern pointing human lost, historians will be familiar. However, what should be done and what must be done by history should not be a simple answer to historical researchers. The endless explication of historical function not only gives the history researchers a pride, but also makes itself a topic that the historians have long debated and hard to determine. The reason for the vague understanding of the function of history science lies in its ignorance of the basis for its determination. When historians put forward the disciplinary function of history, they simply think about what history can do based on tradition and seldom consider its basis for determination. So, in fact, they only