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贵刊在2008年第1期刊登了陈根花老师一篇《高考英语命题的一个小秘密》的文章,文中精彩地指出2007年山东卷在有限的15道单项选择题中,有7道题原封不动地引自 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 和 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 两本词典,其比例高达45%。同时,陈老师还指出这种现象“是高考英语的一种传统,因为近十年来高考英语命题者就一直在这样做,不仅上个世纪的全国卷如此,就是近年来许多省实行单独命题以后,命题者也在坚持这种传统……”
非常有意思的是,笔者在翻阅贵刊的几本旧杂志时,无意中发现陈根花老师在贵刊2008年第3期发表了一篇题为《-ever词用法完全归纳》的文章,其中有一道题与2008年辽宁卷第28小题几乎一模一样:
1.____hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off a whole pizza. (2008年《第二课堂》第3期)
A. However B. How C. Whatever D. What
2.____hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. (2008辽宁卷第28小题)
A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However
笔者觉得很是奇怪,为什么会有如此高度的巧合呢?于是我也按照陈老师的思路在 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 和 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 这两本词典中进行了查证,结果发现这道题的原文出自 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 词典的“however”词条,词典上的原句为:However hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off a whole pizza. 原来是陈老师与高考英语命题者碰巧在同一本词典找到了同一个例句,只是辽宁卷的这道考题对 finish off 后的宾语稍稍改动了一下。
为了对这一现象(陈老师称之为高考英语命题的一种“传统”)作一番研究,笔者也按照陈老师的思路对2008年的高考英语考题进行了一次较系统的查证,结果很是让人吃惊——因为笔者发现今年的高考英语单项填空题至少在陈老师上面提到的那两本词典上引用了9个句子进行命题。现列举如下:
1. My neighbor asked me to go for____walk, but I don’t think I’ve got____energy. (2008辽宁卷第24题)
A. a;不填 B. the;the C. 不填; the D. a; the
【分析】答案为 D。go for a walk 为固定表达,意为“去散步”;have got the energy 意为“有精力”。
【出处】此题出自 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 的 “the” 词条,词典上的原句是:I’d like to go out this evening, but I don’t think I’ve got the energy.
2. —I’d like some more cheese.
—Sorry, there’s____left. (2008浙江卷第9题)
A. some B. none
C. a little D. few
【分析】答案为 B。由于 cheese 不可数,故可排除 D;再根据句中的 sorry 可知,此处应填表否定意义的 none。
【出处】此题出自 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 的 “none”词条,词典上的原句是:“I’d like some more cheese.” “I’m sorry there’s none left”.
3. There are plenty of jobs____in the western part of the country. (2008浙江卷第12题)
A. present B. available C. precious D. convenient
【分析】答案为 B。available 的意思是“能得到的”“可得到的”“可用的”。又如:Please let me have all the tickets available. 请把现有的票都给我吧。We picked the coolest room among those available. 在现有的房间中我们挑选了最凉快的一间。
【出处】此题出自 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 的 “available” 词条,词典上的原句是:There are plenty of jobs available in the area.
4. It looks like the weather is changing for. Shall we stick to your plan? (2008辽宁卷第30题)
A. the worse B. worse C. the worst D. worst
【分析】答案为 A。change for the worse 为固定搭配,意为“恶化”“变糟”。句中的 change 是动词,但有时也可以是名词,如:The doctor told the nurse to call him if there was a positive change for the worse. 医生告诉护士,如病人病情明显恶化,就马上叫他。
【出处】此题出自 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 的 “worse” 词条,词典上的原句是:It looks like the weather is changing for the worse.
5. Stand over there____you’ll be able to see the oil painting better. (2008全国卷Ⅱ第13题)
A. but B. till C. and D. or
【分析】答案为 C。此题考查“祈使句 and 简单句”结构,其中的 and 表示结果,又如:Go straight on and you’ll see a church. 径直往前走,你会看到一座教堂。Do that again and I’ll call a policeman. 你再这样做我就叫警察了。
【出处】此题出自 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 的 “and” 词条,词典上的原句是:Stand over there and then you’ll be able to see it better.
6. He found it increasingly difficult to read,____his eyesight was beginning to fail. (2008山东卷第22题)
A. though B. for C. but D. so
【分析】答案为 B。for 在此表原因。又如:He shook his head, for he thought differently. 他摇了摇头,因为他有不同想法。
【出处】此题出自 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 的 “for” 词条,词典上的原句是:He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail.
7. You have to be a fairly good speaker to____listeners’ interest for over an hour. (2008辽宁卷第25题)
A. hold B. make C. improve D. receive
【分析】答案为 A。hold one’s interest 为习语,意为“引起某人的兴趣”。
【出处】此题出自 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 的 “hold” 词条,词典上的原句是:You have to be a fairly good speaker to hold an audience’s interest.
8. We had an anxious couple of weeks____for the results of the experiment. (2008四川卷第14题)
A. wait B. to be waiting C. waited D. waiting
【分析】答案为 D。waiting for the results of the experiment 为 while waiting for the results of the experiment 之省略。句意为:我们度过了焦虑的几个星期,等待实验结果。
【出处】此题出自 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 的 “anxious” 词条,词典上的原句是:We had an anxious couple of weeks waiting for the test results.
9. The house still needed a lot of work, but____the kitchen was finished. (2008全国卷Ⅱ第19题)
A. instead B. altogether
C. at once D. at least
【分析】答案为 D。at least 为固定短语,其意为“至少”。
【出处】此题出自 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 的 “least” 词条,词典上的原句为:The house still needed a lot of work, but at least the kitchen was finished.
读到此,估计你也会和笔者一样感到惊奇,原来高考英语命题还真有这样的“传统”,还真隐藏有这样的“小秘密”!同学们,你们注意到了吗?老师,你研究了吗?《第二课堂》近几年连续有作者不小心碰中高考题,有的巧合程度让人吃惊,可能大都与这种对高考命题“小秘密”的研究有关吧!
(编辑 周贞雄)
非常有意思的是,笔者在翻阅贵刊的几本旧杂志时,无意中发现陈根花老师在贵刊2008年第3期发表了一篇题为《-ever词用法完全归纳》的文章,其中有一道题与2008年辽宁卷第28小题几乎一模一样:
1.____hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off a whole pizza. (2008年《第二课堂》第3期)
A. However B. How C. Whatever D. What
2.____hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. (2008辽宁卷第28小题)
A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However
笔者觉得很是奇怪,为什么会有如此高度的巧合呢?于是我也按照陈老师的思路在 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 和 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 这两本词典中进行了查证,结果发现这道题的原文出自 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 词典的“however”词条,词典上的原句为:However hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off a whole pizza. 原来是陈老师与高考英语命题者碰巧在同一本词典找到了同一个例句,只是辽宁卷的这道考题对 finish off 后的宾语稍稍改动了一下。
为了对这一现象(陈老师称之为高考英语命题的一种“传统”)作一番研究,笔者也按照陈老师的思路对2008年的高考英语考题进行了一次较系统的查证,结果很是让人吃惊——因为笔者发现今年的高考英语单项填空题至少在陈老师上面提到的那两本词典上引用了9个句子进行命题。现列举如下:
1. My neighbor asked me to go for____walk, but I don’t think I’ve got____energy. (2008辽宁卷第24题)
A. a;不填 B. the;the C. 不填; the D. a; the
【分析】答案为 D。go for a walk 为固定表达,意为“去散步”;have got the energy 意为“有精力”。
【出处】此题出自 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 的 “the” 词条,词典上的原句是:I’d like to go out this evening, but I don’t think I’ve got the energy.
2. —I’d like some more cheese.
—Sorry, there’s____left. (2008浙江卷第9题)
A. some B. none
C. a little D. few
【分析】答案为 B。由于 cheese 不可数,故可排除 D;再根据句中的 sorry 可知,此处应填表否定意义的 none。
【出处】此题出自 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 的 “none”词条,词典上的原句是:“I’d like some more cheese.” “I’m sorry there’s none left”.
3. There are plenty of jobs____in the western part of the country. (2008浙江卷第12题)
A. present B. available C. precious D. convenient
【分析】答案为 B。available 的意思是“能得到的”“可得到的”“可用的”。又如:Please let me have all the tickets available. 请把现有的票都给我吧。We picked the coolest room among those available. 在现有的房间中我们挑选了最凉快的一间。
【出处】此题出自 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 的 “available” 词条,词典上的原句是:There are plenty of jobs available in the area.
4. It looks like the weather is changing for. Shall we stick to your plan? (2008辽宁卷第30题)
A. the worse B. worse C. the worst D. worst
【分析】答案为 A。change for the worse 为固定搭配,意为“恶化”“变糟”。句中的 change 是动词,但有时也可以是名词,如:The doctor told the nurse to call him if there was a positive change for the worse. 医生告诉护士,如病人病情明显恶化,就马上叫他。
【出处】此题出自 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 的 “worse” 词条,词典上的原句是:It looks like the weather is changing for the worse.
5. Stand over there____you’ll be able to see the oil painting better. (2008全国卷Ⅱ第13题)
A. but B. till C. and D. or
【分析】答案为 C。此题考查“祈使句 and 简单句”结构,其中的 and 表示结果,又如:Go straight on and you’ll see a church. 径直往前走,你会看到一座教堂。Do that again and I’ll call a policeman. 你再这样做我就叫警察了。
【出处】此题出自 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 的 “and” 词条,词典上的原句是:Stand over there and then you’ll be able to see it better.
6. He found it increasingly difficult to read,____his eyesight was beginning to fail. (2008山东卷第22题)
A. though B. for C. but D. so
【分析】答案为 B。for 在此表原因。又如:He shook his head, for he thought differently. 他摇了摇头,因为他有不同想法。
【出处】此题出自 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 的 “for” 词条,词典上的原句是:He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail.
7. You have to be a fairly good speaker to____listeners’ interest for over an hour. (2008辽宁卷第25题)
A. hold B. make C. improve D. receive
【分析】答案为 A。hold one’s interest 为习语,意为“引起某人的兴趣”。
【出处】此题出自 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 的 “hold” 词条,词典上的原句是:You have to be a fairly good speaker to hold an audience’s interest.
8. We had an anxious couple of weeks____for the results of the experiment. (2008四川卷第14题)
A. wait B. to be waiting C. waited D. waiting
【分析】答案为 D。waiting for the results of the experiment 为 while waiting for the results of the experiment 之省略。句意为:我们度过了焦虑的几个星期,等待实验结果。
【出处】此题出自 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 的 “anxious” 词条,词典上的原句是:We had an anxious couple of weeks waiting for the test results.
9. The house still needed a lot of work, but____the kitchen was finished. (2008全国卷Ⅱ第19题)
A. instead B. altogether
C. at once D. at least
【分析】答案为 D。at least 为固定短语,其意为“至少”。
【出处】此题出自 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 的 “least” 词条,词典上的原句为:The house still needed a lot of work, but at least the kitchen was finished.
读到此,估计你也会和笔者一样感到惊奇,原来高考英语命题还真有这样的“传统”,还真隐藏有这样的“小秘密”!同学们,你们注意到了吗?老师,你研究了吗?《第二课堂》近几年连续有作者不小心碰中高考题,有的巧合程度让人吃惊,可能大都与这种对高考命题“小秘密”的研究有关吧!
(编辑 周贞雄)