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保真度是指输出结果对研究对象的描述所能保持的真实性程度,它在采集和处理过程中包含空间域、时间域和频率域三个方面的意义。对数据采集的保真要求是从早期的地震勘探就开始的,但对数据处理的保真却是现代地震勘探的要求。地震勘探的发展史就是数据的量纲级增长史。从早期的1D 勘探,到目前的3D、4D 勘探,还有3分量、9分量接收,地震数据是按量纲级增加的。这种海量的数据是精细结构和岩性信息的地震描述所需要的,在采集和处理中如果不精确考虑其保真度,确保质量,将会付出惊人的代价。从采集和处理两方面分析了作为一个系统工程的高保真问题及对现代开发地震的意义。认为数据保真应该同高分辨率勘探一样成为一个系统工程,从采集到处理成为一个连续化的整体。
Fidelity refers to the degree of authenticity that the output results can describe to the research object. It includes three aspects of spatial domain, time domain and frequency domain in the process of collection and processing. The fidelity requirement for data acquisition started with earlier seismic surveys, but fidelity to data processing is a requirement of modern seismic exploration. The history of seismic exploration is the history of data-dimensional growth. From the early 1D exploration to the current 3D and 4D exploration, there are 3 components and 9 components to receive. Seismic data are increased by the order of magnitude. This vast amount of data is required for seismic descriptions of fine structure and lithology information, and at acquisition and processing there is a staggering price to pay if fidelity is not taken into account and the quality assured. This paper analyzes the high-fidelity problem as a systematic project and its significance to the modern exploitation of earthquakes from two aspects of collection and processing. Think of data fidelity as a systems engineering as high-resolution exploration, from acquisition to processing as a continuum.