论文部分内容阅读
目的了解中小学校洗手设施和学生洗手行为现状,为制定学校疾病防制干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段抽样法和自然观察法,观察和评价台州市18所中小学校使用的洗手设施、洗手产品、擦干手设施,以及1 026名学生和58名教职工不同洗手指征下的洗手行为。结果 38个观察点的水龙头均为手拧式,均未配备洗手产品和干手设施。1 084名学生与教职工各观察指征的总体洗手率为55.6%,学生洗手率(56.1%)与教职工洗手率(46.6%)差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2.0,P=0.153);男生洗手率(48.5%)低于女生(63.3%)(χ~2=23.05,P<0.01);城市学生洗手率(57.8%)高于农村学生(50.2%)(χ2=6.97,P=0.004);小学生、初中生和高中生的洗手率分别为23.5%,71.0%,81.3%,且随着学段的升高,洗手率越来越高(χ~2趋势=238.6,P<0.01)。随着学段的升高,餐前洗手率越来越低(χ~2趋势=18.4,P<0.01),便后洗手率越来越高(χ~2趋势=322.4,P<0.01),外出玩耍后回教室的洗手率越来越高(χ~2趋势=16.4,P=0.000)。结论台州市中小学校学生和教职工的洗手行为较差。应进一步加强学生个人卫生行为的宣传和教育,并加大对学校基础卫生设施的投入。
Objective To understand the current situation of hand-washing facilities and hand-washing behavior in primary and secondary schools, and to provide the basis for formulating school disease prevention and intervention measures. Methods A multi-stage sampling method and natural observation method were used to observe and evaluate the hand washing facilities, hand washing products, hand dryers facilities used by 18 primary and secondary schools in Taizhou, as well as hand washing under different hand washing indications of 1 026 students and 58 faculty members behavior. Results Faucets at all 38 observation points were hand-wigble, and none of them were equipped with hand-washing products and hand-drying facilities. The overall rate of hand hygiene was 55.6% and the rate of hand hygiene (56.1%) was not significantly different from that of staff (46.6%) in 1 084 students and faculty (χ ~ 2 = 2.0, P = 0.153 ). The rate of hand washing in boys was lower than that in girls in rural areas (48.5% vs 63.3%, χ ~ 2 = 23.05, P <0.01) = 0.004). The rate of hand hygiene among primary, middle school and high school students was 23.5%, 71.0% and 81.3%, respectively. The rate of hand-washing was higher and higher with the increase of the section (χ ~ 2 trend = 238.6, P < 0.01). With the increase of the session, the rate of washing before meals was getting lower and lower (χ ~ 2 trend = 18.4, P <0.01) and the rate of hand washing was higher and higher (χ ~ 2 trend = 322.4, P <0.01) After going out to play, the rate of hand-washing in the classroom was higher and higher (χ ~ 2 trend = 16.4, P = 0.000). Conclusions The hand washing behavior of students and faculty in primary and secondary schools in Taizhou is poor. Should further strengthen the public health education and education of students, and increase investment in basic health facilities in schools.