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一、本试验用组织化学法测定了水稻“珍汕97”不育系及其保持系不同发育时期花粉的四种酶活性、淀粉和蛋白质含量。结果证明,在花粉发育的各个时期,特别是双核期不育系花粉中的细胞色素氧化酶、多酚氧化酶、三磷酸腺苷酶的活性均低于保持系。过氧化物酶的活性变化,则有不同的规律。在单核期,不育系高于保持系;进入双核期后,该酶活性下降,大大低于保持系。二、在花粉发育的各个时期,不育系花药的呼吸强度均低于保持系,但在抽穗后有所增强。三、不育系花粉在双核期以后,特别是在三核期有过氧化氢积累。保持系花粉则始终没有过氧化氢积累。四、花粉进入双核期以后,本试验所测定的四种酶和两种物质均可作为鉴别花粉育性的指标。对于有淀粉积累的不育花粉用汞-溴酚蓝法测定蛋白质含量,是一种简便易行的鉴别花粉育性的方法。
First, we measured the four enzyme activities, starch and protein content of pollen in the “Zhenshan 97” sterile line and its maintainer line at different developmental stages by histochemical method. The results showed that the activities of cytochrome oxidase, polyphenol oxidase and adenosine triphosphatase in pollen of two-pronucleus were lower than that of maintainer in pollen development. Peroxidase activity changes, then have different laws. At monokaryotic stage, the CMS line was higher than the maintainer line; after entering the binuclear stage, the enzyme activity decreased significantly, much lower than the maintainer line. Second, in each period of pollen development, respiration of sterile anthers was lower than that of maintainer lines, but increased after heading. Third, sterile lines of pollen in the binuclear phase, especially in the trinuclear period of hydrogen peroxide accumulation. Maintaining the Department of pollen is always no accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. Fourth, the pollen into the binuclear phase later, the test of the four enzymes and two substances can be used as indicators to identify pollen fertility. It is a simple and convenient method to identify pollen fertility for the determination of the protein content of mercury-bromophenol blue method in sterile pollen with accumulation of starch.