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目的建立兔漏斗胸模型,为测试新型Nuss手术用矫形板的生物组织相容性和力学特性。方法将24只新西兰兔随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组于胸骨旁依次切断第5~7对肋软骨,并切除大约0.5 cm的肋骨,在第5对肋软骨水平切断胸骨。对照组仅进行肌肉切开缝合。结果实验组第10天开始胸骨区域逐渐凹陷。随着时间的推移,兔子逐渐发育长大,体重逐渐增加,胸廓畸形逐渐加重,前下胸壁下陷程度逐渐加深,范围也逐渐增大。术后6周左右,胸廓畸形趋于稳定,与12周观察时无明显差异。术后8周实验组胸部CT显示胸骨自第五肋软骨水平切断处向脊柱方向凹陷。三维重建侧面图像显示胸骨自第五肋骨水平开始凹陷,在第七肋骨水平凹陷最明显,自第七肋骨水平最凹陷处逐渐上移,形成一典型的漏斗胸畸形。结论本试验建立的兔漏斗胸模型具有操作简单,创伤小并且可重复性强。
Objective To establish a rabbit funnel chest model for testing the biological histocompatibility and mechanical properties of a novel Nuss surgical orthopedic plate. Methods Twenty-four New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. In the experimental group, the 5th to 7th pairs of costal cartilage were cut off next to the sternum, and the rib about 0.5 cm was excised. The sternal was cut off at the 5th rib costal cartilage. Control group only muscle suture. Results In the experimental group, the sternum gradually became depressed on the 10th day. With the passage of time, the rabbits gradually developed and grew, the weight gradually increased, the thoracic deformity gradually increased, the anterior chest wall subsidence gradually deepened, and the range also gradually increased. About 6 weeks after operation, thoracic deformity tended to be stable with no significant difference from 12 weeks. At 8 weeks postoperatively, chest CT showed that the sternum was depressed from the fifth costal cartilage to the spine. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the lateral image shows the sternum began to sink from the fifth rib level, the seventh horizontal ribs in the most obvious depression, the seventh from the most rib level up gradually shifted down to form a typical funnel thoracic deformity. Conclusion The rabbit funnel chest model established in this study has the advantages of simple operation, small trauma and high repeatability.