以弗洛伊德为代表的精神分析学派历经磨难,从本世纪诞生以来,已冲出了狭小的精神疾病防治领域,以其不可抗拒的渗透力向文学、艺术领域发展,进而波及到了语言学、美学、人类学等方面。精神分析学派异军突起,扩展到社会科学的各个领域,逐渐变成了一种心理学体系和无所不包的人生哲学。(<西方近代心理学史》)因此,研究西方现代文学决不能回避对弗洛伊德学派及其对文学的影响的研究。 The psychoanalysis represented by Freud, after suffering, has burst out of the narrow field of mental illness prevention and control since the birth of this century. With its irresistible infiltration force, the psychoanalytic school has developed into the fields of literature and art, which in turn has touched upon the fields of linguistics , Aesthetics, anthropology and so on. The psychoanalytic school has suddenly emerged as a military force that has expanded into all fields of social science and gradually transformed itself into a psychology system and an all-encompassing philosophy of life. (“History of Modern Western Psychology”) Therefore, the study of modern Western literature must not evade the study of the Freud School and its impact on literature.