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目的:考察地震灾区儿童归因方式、焦虑感受性与创伤后应激症状之间的关系。方法:采用儿童归因方式问卷、焦虑感受性问卷和儿童事件影响量表对957名汶川地震灾区儿童进行调查。结果:①PTSD筛查阳性率为19.8%;②小学、初中、高中三个年龄段儿童在闯入性、回避性、高警觉性上存在显著差异;③焦虑感受性三个维度对创伤后应激症状各维度均有显著的预测作用,而归因方式只对闯入性和高警觉性有显著的预测作用。结论:归因方式和焦虑感受性是地震灾区儿童创伤后应激症状的重要认知易感因素。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between children attribution, anxiety and post-traumatic stress in earthquake-stricken areas. Methods: A total of 957 children in Wenchuan earthquake-stricken area were investigated using the children’s attribution questionnaire, the anxiety questionnaire and the children’s impact questionnaire. Results: ① The positive rate of PTSD screening was 19.8%; ②The children of three age groups in primary, middle school and high school had significant differences in invasiveness, avoidance and alertness; ③ The three dimensions of anxiety and anxiety had no effect on post-traumatic stress symptoms Each dimension has a significant predictive effect, and attribution only has a significant predictive effect on intrusion and alertness. Conclusions: Attribution and anxiety are important cognitive predisposing factors for post-traumatic stress in children in earthquake-stricken areas.