微处理机,或者是单片计算机,由于它在结构、体积、重量、功耗、可靠性以及成本等方面的突出优越性,使人们日益重视。但是,关于微处理机的结构和功能,了解的人并不多。为适应读者要求,我们选择了日刊的这篇简要介绍微计算机的连载讲座。虽然这篇讲座并不理想,既不够通俗,也不够完整,现只是将其译述,以供读者参考。有关微处理机的概况请参看本刊本期“欧、美空间、军用数字计算机近况”一文。 Microprocessors, or single-chip computers, have gained increasing prominence due to their outstanding advantages in terms of structure, size, weight, power consumption, reliability and cost. However, there are not many people who know about the structure and function of microprocessors. In order to meet the reader’s request, we have chosen this article in the journal to give a brief talk on microcomputers. Although this lecture is not ideal, neither popular nor complete enough, it is only translated to readers for reference. For an overview of microprocessors, please refer to the current issue of “European and American space, military digital computer status,” a text.