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目的了解上海市闵行区孕早期妇女对被动吸烟知识的知晓情况及其影响因素,分析被动吸烟知识知晓率与被动吸烟率之间的关系,为后续降低孕妇被动吸烟的干预策略提供依据和建议。方法 2011年5月—2012年5月,将符合入组条件的3 729名孕妇招募入组,进行孕妇被动吸烟相关知识问卷调查,回收有效问卷3 274份。运用χ2检验分析被动吸烟与相关知识知晓率之间的关系,应用logistic回归模型分析孕妇对被动吸烟知识知晓情况的影响因素。结果孕妇被动吸烟率为44.7%,对吸烟或被动吸烟与疾病的总知晓率为67.5%,其中对吸烟或被动吸烟容易患肺癌的知晓率最高,为94.5%,与其他疾病关系的知晓率由高到低依次为肺气肿77.9%、衰老75.5%、心脏病54.4%、中风54.2%、阳痿48.7%;对孕妇被动吸烟相关危害的知晓率为64.2%;孕妇被动吸烟知识知晓率与被动吸烟率无明显关系;孕妇对被动吸烟相关知识知晓情况的主要影响因素为其工作状况,在职孕妇对吸烟或被动吸烟与疾病(OR=1.276)、孕妇被动吸烟的危害(OR=1.399)两类知识的知晓情况好于非在职孕妇。结论上海市闵行区孕妇的被动吸烟相关知识有待进一步加强,非在职孕妇是被动吸烟知识干预的重点人群。
Objective To understand the awareness of passive smoking among women in the first trimester of pregnancy in Shanghai and its influencing factors and to analyze the relationship between passive smoking awareness and passive smoking prevalence and to provide evidences and recommendations for follow-up strategies to reduce passive smoking in pregnant women. Methods From May 2011 to May 2012, 3 729 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the questionnaire survey, and 3 274 valid questionnaires were collected. Χ2 test was used to analyze the relationship between passive smoking and awareness of related knowledge, and logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of pregnant women’s knowledge of passive smoking. Results The passive smoking rate of pregnant women was 44.7%. The total awareness rate of smoking or passive smoking and illness was 67.5%. The awareness rate of smoking and passive smoking was the highest, 94.5%. The awareness rate of other diseases was from High to low followed by emphysema 77.9%, aging 75.5%, heart disease 54.4%, stroke 54.2%, impotence 48.7%; awareness of pregnant women passive smoking related hazards 64.2%; awareness of passive smoking awareness of pregnant women and passive smoking There was no significant relationship between the two groups. The main influencing factors of pregnant women’s cognition about passive smoking were their working conditions, the two types of knowledge of active pregnant women on smoking or passive smoking and illness (OR = 1.276) and passive smoking of pregnant women (OR = 1.399) The awareness of better than non-working pregnant women. Conclusion The knowledge about passive smoking of pregnant women in Minhang District of Shanghai needs to be further strengthened. Non-working pregnant women are the key people who are involved in passive smoking knowledge intervention.