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目的分析宁波市居民中暑的危险因素,为预防中暑提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,在2宁波市个县市区随机抽取2个乡镇,每个乡(镇)随机抽取2个居委会(村),每个居委会(村)随机抽取120户,以户为单位,于2014年9~11月开展调查。采用logistic回归模型进行单因素和多因素分析。结果单因素logistic回归分析显示职业、文化水平、月收入水平、吸烟状态、饮酒状态、体质指数和消化系统疾病史等7个变量进入模型。多因素logistic回归分析发现,工人农民[OR=2.19,95%CI(1.37~3.51)]、离退休者[OR=2.00,95%CI(1.13~3.54)]、饮酒[OR=1.83,95%CI(1.30~2.57)]以及消化系统疾病史[OR=2.06,95%CI(1.08~3.91)]是中暑的危险因素。有消化系统疾病史并且饮酒的人群中暑危险性明显高于不饮酒无消化系统疾病史的人群[OR=3.96,95%CI(1.58~9.94)]。结论宁波市居民中工人农民、离退休者、饮酒以及有消化系统疾病史等人群是中暑的易感人群,在预防中暑时,应该加以重点保护。
Objective To analyze the risk factors of heat stroke in Ningbo residents and provide a scientific basis for prevention of heat stroke. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to randomly select 2 townships in 2 counties and counties in Ningbo city. Two township committees (villages) were randomly selected from each township (town), 120 households were randomly selected from each neighborhood committee (village) As a unit, the survey was conducted from September to November 2014. Logistic regression models were used for univariate and multivariate analyzes. Results Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that seven variables (occupational level, literacy level, monthly income level, smoking status, drinking status, body mass index and digestive system disease history) entered the model. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there was significant difference between the number of workers and peasants [OR = 2.19,95% CI (1.37 ~ 3.51)], retired people [OR = 2.00,95% CI 1.13 ~ 3.54] CI (1.30 ~ 2.57)] and the history of digestive diseases [OR = 2.06,95% CI (1.08-3.91)] were risk factors of heat stroke. People with a history of digestive diseases and drinking alcohol had a significantly higher risk of sunstroke than those who had no history of alcohol-free digestive diseases [OR = 3.96,95% CI (1.58-9.94)]. Conclusion Among Ningbo residents, workers, peasants, retired people, alcohol consumption, and history of digestive system diseases are the most susceptible people to stroke. Therefore, they should be given priority protection in the prevention of stroke.