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目的 近年我国南澎列岛恙虫病发病率明显增高 ,而国内并无该地区恙虫病疫源地的记载 ,为当地人民的健康 ,本研究对该地区作为恙虫病疫源地进行全面调查与研究。方法 疫源地流行病学调查 ,病原分离 ,当地预防措施的制定。结果 该地区为南亚热带岛屿疫源地 ,主要宿主为褐家鼠 ,其季节消长与发病一致。主要媒介为地里纤恙螨 ,褐家鼠带螨率、地里纤恙螨的季节消长与发病均一致。从宿主与媒介分离 35株恙虫病立克次体 ,鉴定 7株大部分为Karp株。血清流行病学调查表明该岛居民恙虫病抗体阳性率极高。预防措施应用以后发病率降低。结论 这是第一次成功地证明我国南澎列岛是恙虫病疫源地。
Objective In recent years, the incidence of scrub typhus in Nanpeizan Island in our country was significantly higher than that in other parts of the country. However, there was no record of the epidemic area of scrub typhus in this area in our country and it was the health of local people. This research conducted a comprehensive survey and research on the epidemic area of scrub typhus in this area. Methods Epidemiological investigation of foci, pathogen isolation, and formulation of local precautionary measures. Results The area was a sub-tropical island of South Asia. The main host was Rattus norvegicus, whose seasonal fluctuation was consistent with the onset of the disease. The main media for the ground chigger mites, brown rat with mite rate, the growth and reproduction of chigger mites season are consistent with the incidence. Twenty-five strains of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi were isolated from the host and vector, and the majority of 7 strains were identified as Karp strain. Serological epidemiological survey showed that the island resident tsutsugamushi antibody positive rate. Preventive measures reduce the incidence of the application. Conclusions This is the first successful demonstration that southern China Penghu Island is a source of scrub typhus.