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埋地输油管道一旦发生泄漏,一方面会造成土壤污染,另一方面当原油泄漏量过多时会上渗到地面形成油池,进而引发池火灾,对人员、环境、设备均会造成危害。为了研究埋地输油管道泄漏事故的后果,为事故救援及处理提供参考,提出了一种针对此类事故的土壤污染、池火灾后果定量分析方法。方法以Fluent软件为工具模拟原油被点燃前的泄漏扩散情况,分析原油在土壤及地面上的扩散规律及范围,并结合危害模型得到池火灾造成的热辐射危害范围。利用该方法对不同管道压力和泄漏孔径的6种工况下的事故进行了分析,结果表明,原油管道泄漏时的压力及泄漏孔径对原油扩散速度影响较大,进而影响避免事故的难易程度。
Buried oil pipeline in the event of leakage, on the one hand will cause soil pollution, on the other hand when the oil leakage will be infiltrated into the ground to form oil pool, which led to pool fire, the personnel, environment, equipment will cause harm. In order to study the consequences of buried oil pipeline leakage accident and provide references for rescue and treatment of accidents, a quantitative analysis method of soil pollution and pool fire consequences for such accidents is proposed. Methods Fluent software was used as a tool to simulate the diffusion of crude oil before it ignited. The diffusion regularity and range of crude oil on the soil and ground were analyzed. The range of heat radiation hazard caused by pool fire was obtained according to the hazard model. The method was used to analyze the different conditions of pipeline pressure and leakage aperture under six conditions. The results show that the pressure and the leakage aperture of crude oil pipeline have a great influence on the diffusion rate of crude oil, which will affect the ease of accident avoidance .