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目的:了解北京市中学生对药品安全的认知与行为现状,为开展针对性宣传教育提供依据。方法:在北京市中学生中采用分层整群等比例随机抽样抽取调查对象,进行自填式问卷调查。结果:北京市中学生药品安全知识知晓率为74.4%,用药行为习惯评分中位数为4分(满分5分),二者呈统计学正相关(Spearman等级相关系数为0.156,P<0.001)。知晓率和用药行为评分在不同地区、学校类型、住宿类型学生中的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。多因素分析显示地区、学校类型和住宿类型与药品安全认知及行为有关。40.5%的学生知道抗生素不是抗病毒药,42.4%的学生会将过期药品放到专用回收箱,49.8%的学生在患常见病时会自行改变药量或服药次数。结论:北京市中学生对药品安全认知状况尚好,但在常见抗生素判断、过期药品处理、服药依从性等方面仍存在问题,需要借助有效的宣传方式进行科学的、针对性强的宣传教育,并重点加强郊区学校、职业学校和住校学生的宣教工作。
Objectives: To understand the current situation of the knowledge and behavior of middle school students in drug safety in Beijing, and to provide basis for targeted education and education. Methods: The sampled subjects were selected by stratified whole-group random sampling in Beijing middle school students and self-administered questionnaire surveys were conducted. Results: The knowledge rate of knowledge about drug safety among middle school students in Beijing was 74.4%, and the median score of medication habits score was 4 (out of 5 points). There was a statistically positive correlation between the two (Spearman rank correlation coefficient was 0.156, P<0.001). The differences in awareness rate and medication behavior scores among students in different regions, school types, and accommodation types were statistically significant (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis shows that regions, school types, and types of accommodation are related to drug safety awareness and behavior. 40.5% of students know that antibiotics are not antiviral drugs, 42.4% of students will put expired drugs into special recycling bins, and 49.8% of students will change their doses or take medications themselves when they have common diseases. Conclusion: Middle school students in Beijing still have a good knowledge of drug safety, but there are still problems in common antibiotics judgments, outdated drug treatment, drug compliance, etc., and need to use effective propaganda methods to conduct scientific and targeted publicity and education, and Focus on strengthening the missionary work of suburban schools, vocational schools, and students living on campus.