根据局部高温、高热流加热等特殊场合的需求，设计、加工了钠高温热管及锂超高温热管，并对热管的启动和极限特性进行了研究。高温及超高温热管能够顺利启动，但启动时应注意可能到来的声速传热极限。端部加热启动时，端部附近管体部分会形成一段“等效”的加热段，可以将工质从启动时的固体状态到全部熔化形成相变传热及流动循环的时间确定为启动时间。热管的传热极限特性表明，超高温热管应工作在更高的温度和更大的热流密度。热管的结构和工艺优化有利于启动和运行。“,”The sodium high temperature heat pipe and lithium super high temperature heat pipe were designed and made on a certain demand. The startup and heat transfer limits of the heat pipes were studied. The heat pipes could be started up successfully, in the mea