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目的:描述北京市宣武区2005年-2009年度流感病毒分离情况,分析北京市宣武区2005年-2009年度流感病毒流行特征,为制定相关的流感防治策略提供依据。方法:选择北京市宣武区呼吸道病人就诊较多的两家三级甲等医院作为监测点,采集流感样病人的咽拭子标本,采用组织细胞培养法进行流感病毒分离和鉴定,对分离的毒株及病例分布特征进行统计分析。结果:北京市宣武区2005年10月～2009年3月共采集并检测流感样病例咽拭子标本1503件,分离到流感病毒357株,总检出率23.75%。四个年度的流行优势株依次为甲型H1亚型、甲型H3亚型、乙型、甲型H1亚型。2006年-2007年度流感病毒分离总阳性率在四个年度中最高(26.5%),2007年-2008年度最低(20.22%)。各年龄组中50岁～59岁组阳性率最高(36.27%),0～岁组阳性率最低(9.92%)。结论:不同年度流感流行呈现出一定的规律,流行优势株依次在甲型H1亚型、甲型H3亚型、乙型之间轮替转换。不同年度流感分离率高峰时间略有差异,较前一年度提前或错后近3～4周时间。
Objective: To describe the isolation of influenza virus in Xuanwu District, Beijing from 2005 to 2009, and to analyze the epidemic characteristics of influenza virus in Xuanwu District of Beijing from 2005 to 2009, so as to provide basis for the development of influenza prevention and control strategies. Methods: Throat swab specimens of influenza-like patients were collected from two Grade-3 Hospitals with more respiratory patients in Xuanwu District, Beijing. The specimens were isolated and identified by tissue culture method. Influenza virus Strain and case distribution characteristics of statistical analysis. Results: A total of 1,503 throat swab specimens were collected and tested in Xuanwu District of Beijing from October 2005 to March 2009, and 357 strains of influenza viruses were isolated. The total detection rate was 23.75%. The dominant strains of the four years were Type A H1 subtype, Type A H3 subtype, Type B and Type A H1 subtype. The total positive rate of influenza virus isolation in 2006-2007 was the highest in four years (26.5%) and the lowest in 2007-2008 (20.22%). In each age group, the positive rate was highest in patients aged from 50 to 59 years (36.27%), the lowest in patients aged 0 to 9 years (9.92%). Conclusion: The prevalence of influenza in different years shows a certain pattern. The predominant strains prevail in turn, between type A H1 subtype, type A H3 subtype and type B. Flu rates in different years slightly different from the peak year earlier or wrong than the previous year after nearly 3 to 4 weeks.