论文部分内容阅读
摩托车二冲程发动机润滑材料的发展从未停止过。最早是二冲程发动机摩托车的拥有者不得不使用一种汽车专用润滑油,许多公司目前仍然在销售着这种系列专用二冲程发动机用润滑油。CEC、SAE和ASTM一直都在致力于研究一种国际都承认的润滑油分类系统。近年并对该分类系统的测试方法做了多次考察。表1中详细介绍了尚未正式使用的分类方法。二冲程发动机的设计者要求润滑油要事先与燃油混合或被喷射到燃油/空气混合气体中。因此,除了发动机使用寿命之外还应考虑润滑油在燃烧过程中的作用和受环境的影响。发动机设计者现在寻求一种可满足各种使用工况的、完美的“平衡配方”,如基础油选择,特别是油膜厚度、去污剂、灰尘含量等的比例。近年来的研究工作正在向着高品质合成基础油的方向发展,特别是脂。这种材料的应用大大提高了二冲程发动机润滑剂的质量和性能。
Motorcycle two-stroke engine lubricating material development has never stopped. The earliest two-stroke engine motorcycle owners had to use a car-specific lubricant, many companies are still selling this series of special two-stroke engine lubricants. CEC, SAE and ASTM have been working on an internationally recognized classification system for lubricants. In recent years, the method of testing the classification system has been investigated many times. Table 1 details the classification methods not yet officially used. Designers of two-stroke engines require that the lubricant be mixed with fuel or injected into the fuel / air mixture. Therefore, in addition to the service life of the engine, consideration should be given to the role of the lubricant in the combustion process and to the environment. Engine designers are now looking for a perfect “balanced formula” for a wide range of operating conditions, such as the choice of base oil, especially the ratio of oil film thickness, detergents, dust content and the like. In recent years, the research work is toward the development of high quality synthetic base oil, especially fat. The use of this material has greatly enhanced the quality and performance of two-stroke engine lubricants.