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本文用空间壳单元考虑了材料非线性、几何非线性及大变形对载荷影响的非保守系统，分析了U形波纹管的各种受载情况，并和实验进行了对比，吻合得比较好。根据强度理论提出了U形波纹管的设计计算准则。编制了U形波纹管的非线性分析通用程序。
In this paper, a non-conservative system considering the influence of material nonlinearity, geometrical nonlinearity and large deformation on load is considered in space shell element. Various loading conditions of U-shaped corrugated pipe are analyzed, which are in good agreement with experiments. Based on the theory of strength, the design calculation criterion of U-shaped corrugated pipe is proposed. A general procedure for the nonlinear analysis of U-shaped bellows has been developed.