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自从20世纪40年代磺胺类药物、抗生素应用于临床以来,许多严重的感染性疾病得到有效的控制。但目前随着抗菌药物的广泛应用,又面临细菌耐药的新问题。耐药菌感染常发生在患有严重基础疾病的患者,导致抗菌药物治疗失败而增加病死率。为应对耐药致病菌感染缺乏有效抗菌药物治疗的问题,近年在抗菌药物领域重点针对耐药菌感染研发了新的更有效的抗菌药物。本文对21世纪上市的新抗菌药物及其临床应用现状作一介绍。
Since the 1940s, sulfonamides and antibiotics have been used clinically, many serious infectious diseases have been effectively controlled. But now with the widespread use of antibacterial drugs, but also face new problems of bacterial resistance. Drug-resistant bacterial infections often occur in patients with severe underlying diseases, leading to failure of antimicrobial therapy and increased mortality. In order to cope with the lack of effective antimicrobial drug therapy for drug-resistant pathogens, new and more effective antimicrobial agents have been developed in recent years in the field of antimicrobial agents focusing on drug-resistant bacterial infections. This article introduces the new antimicrobial drugs listed in the 21st century and their clinical application status.