近四十年来,由于柴油机的转速提高、比重量减轻、日益强化,其气缸套与机体等部件的穴蚀破坏越来越严重,因此,国内外研究穴蚀发生机理和防止措施的单位和人员越来越多。我国现有柴油机的型号种类较多(进口的和国产的),在同样的条件下,有的内燃机车的柴油机气缸套运行才20万公里(甚至仅9万公里),即因穴蚀到限而报废,而有的机车柴油机气缸套运行89万公里,尚完好无损。看来 In the recent four decades, due to the increase of the rotational speed of diesel engines, the specific weight has been lessened and has been increasingly strengthened, and the cavitation destruction of the cylinder liner and the body has become more and more serious. Therefore, the units and personnel studying the mechanism and preventive measures of cavitation at home and abroad more and more. In our country, there are more types (imported and domestic) of diesel engines. Under the same conditions, some diesel locomotives have cylinder liner running only 200,000 km (or even only 90,000 km) And scrapped, while some locomotive diesel engine cylinder run 890,000 km, still intact. It seems