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目的探讨坑道在官兵密闭生存训练期间生活区的微生物分布。方法定时、定点对生活区进行安德森采样,布点主要位于人员居住的两条通道(A、B两区)及厕所(C区);采样后进行各种微生物的培养和鉴定。结果 1整条坑道生活区细菌总数为125~37 800个/m3,A、B、C三区细菌菌落总数平均为2692、1844、2199个/m3,整条坑道生活区细菌总数平均为2245个/m3;坑道生活区内真菌整体分布为0~10 017个/m3,A、B、C三区真菌数平均为1064、883、1011个/m3,整条坑道生活区真菌数平均为986个/m3。2生活区布点测试细菌菌落数呈现三大特点:A、B两区细菌总数整体呈现“三峰”、C区呈现“双峰”现象;A、B生活区由初期的低菌落数以大幅升降态势波动;C区由初期的高菌落数以相对稳定的态势逐渐降至最低。真菌数量的变化规律有其自身的特点,整体变化趋势呈现波浪式无规律走向。3密闭生存训练期间坑道生活区空气中分布的微生物有:球菌(微球菌属、科氏葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、马葡萄球菌)、杆菌(鲍氏不动杆菌、鲁氏不动杆菌、粪产碱菌)、真菌(毛霉属、酵母属)。结论密闭生存训练期间坑道空气中微生物含量未超出军用卫生标准,但比同类型坑道高;微生物分布的“多峰”现象反映了屯兵期间坑道空气微生物变化有其自身规律和特点;生活区空气微生物种类多是条件致病菌,但若忽视仍会引起官兵发病。
Objective To explore the distribution of microorganisms in the living area during the closed training of officers and soldiers. Methods Anderson samples were taken from time to time and sentinelly in the living area. The distribution was mainly located in two channels (area A and area B) and toilets (area C) where the personnel lived. After sampling, various microorganisms were cultured and identified. Results The total number of bacteria in the living area of the whole tunnel was 125-37 800 / m3. The average number of bacterial colonies in the three areas of A, B and C was 2692,1844,2199 / m3, and the average number of bacteria in the entire tunnel living area was 2245 / m3; the fungi distribution in the living area of the tunnel was 0 ~ 1017 / m3, the average number of fungi in the three zones of A, B and C was 1064,883,1011 / m3, and the average number of fungi in the living area of the tunnel was 986 /m3.2 Distribution of living area The number of bacterial colonies showed three major characteristics: the total number of bacteria in A and B showed “three peaks” in total, and “double peak” appeared in C; the living area of A and B was changed from early The number of low-grade colonies fluctuated sharply; the number of high-colonies in C was gradually reduced to a minimum from the relatively stable state. The change rule of the number of fungi has its own characteristics, and the overall trend of change presents a wave-like irregularity. 3 airtight survival training tunnel living area in the air distribution of microorganisms are: coccus (Micrococcus, Staphylococcus staphylococcus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus), Bacillus (Acinetobacter baumannii, Acinetobacter baumannii, feces Alcaligenes), fungi (Mucor, Saccharomyces). Conclusion The microbiological content of air in tunnel air during confined survival training did not exceed the military health standards, but higher than that of the same types of tunnels. The “multimodal” phenomenon of microbiological distribution reflected its own regularity and characteristics of air microbiological changes during tunneling. Many types of airborne microorganisms are opportunistic pathogens, but neglect will still cause the officers and soldiers to attack.