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针对高功率CO2 激光焊接 ,作者试验研究出一种气动喷嘴 ,用以保护导光聚焦系统 ,防止焊接过程中金属飞溅造成的镜片污染 ,通过对飞溅粒子运动轨迹的理论分析 ,设计出合理的喷嘴结构。采用气动喷嘴和普通同轴喷嘴 ,比较试验出高功率激光焊接过程中导光系统污染对激光功率的衰减、焊缝气孔率及有效熔深等的影响以及聚焦镜片上飞溅粒子的分布。结果表明 :气动喷嘴从本质上减少了聚焦镜上飞溅粒子的数量 ,使激光功率损失减少 ,有效焊接长度增加 ,并且横向气流没有对焊缝造成任何不利影响。
For high-power CO2 laser welding, the authors experimentally developed a pneumatic nozzle to protect the light-guiding focusing system and prevent lens contamination caused by metal spattering during welding. By theoretical analysis of the trajectories of the flying particles, a reasonable nozzle structure. Pneumatic nozzle and common coaxial nozzle were used to compare the influence of laser system attenuation on laser power, weld porosity and effective penetration depth, and the distribution of splashing particles on the focusing lens during high power laser welding. The results show that the pneumatic nozzle essentially reduces the number of spattering particles on the focusing mirror, reduces the laser power loss, increases the effective welding length, and does not adversely affect the weld seam.