论文部分内容阅读
通过盆栽试验，研究了脲酶抑制剂氢醌（ＨＱ）、硝化抑制剂双氰胺（ＤＣＤ）及二者的组合（ＨＱ＋ＤＣＤ）对种稻土壤Ｎ２Ｏ和ＣＨ４排放的影响．结果表明，在未施麦秸粉时，所有施抑制剂的处理均较单施尿素的能显著减少水稻生长期供试土壤Ｎ２Ｏ和ＣＨ４的排放．特别是ＨＱ＋ＤＣＤ处理，其Ｎ２Ｏ和ＣＨ４排放总量分别约为对照的１／３和１／２．而在施麦秸粉后，该处理的Ｎ２Ｏ排放总量为对照的１／２，但ＣＨ４排放总量却较少差别．不论是Ｎ２Ｏ还是ＣＨ４的排放总量，施麦秸粉的都比未施的高出１倍和更多．因此，单从土壤源温室气体排放的角度看，将未腐熟的有机物料与尿素共施，并不是一种适宜的施肥制度．供试土壤的Ｎ２Ｏ排放通量，与水稻植株的ＮＯ－３Ｎ含量和土表水层中的矿质Ｎ量分别呈显著的指数正相关和线性正相关；ＣＨ４的排放通量则与水稻植株的生长量和土表水层中的矿质Ｎ量呈显著的线性负相关．在Ｎ２Ｏ与ＣＨ４的排放间，未施麦秸粉时存在着定量的相互消长关系；施麦秸粉后，虽同样存在所述关系，但难以定量化．
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of urease inhibitor hydroquinone (HQ), nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD) and a combination of the two (HQ + DCD) on soil N2O and CH4 emissions. The results showed that when no wheat straw was applied, all the inhibitors applied could significantly reduce N2O and CH4 emission in the rice growing season compared with the single application of urea. Especially HQ + DCD treatment, the total N2O and CH4 emissions were about 1/3 and 1/2 of the control, respectively. However, after applying wheat straw, the total amount of N2O emission of the treatment was 1/2 of that of the control, but the total amount of CH4 emission was less different. Both N2O and CH4 emissions are more than twice the amount of wheat straw flour than it was before. Therefore, it is not an appropriate fertilization system to combine the un-matured organic material with urea solely from the point of view of greenhouse gas emissions from soil sources. The fluxes of N2O in soil were significantly positively and linearly positively correlated with NO-3-N content in rice plants and mineral N in the surface water layer respectively. The emission flux of CH4 was positively correlated with rice plant And the amount of mineral N in the surface water layer showed a significant linear negative correlation. There was a quantitative reciprocal relationship between N2O and CH4 emissions without wheat straw meal. However, it was difficult to quantify the same relationship even after applying wheat straw meal.