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本文采用慢应变速率的试验方法(SSRT)研究了3种夹杂物分布状态不同的低合金钢(16MnR,A48CPR,16MnRE),在模拟Bayer法生产氧化铝条件下的高温碱脆行为。结果表明,3种低合金钢在260℃苛性偏铝酸钠溶液中均有碱脆敏感性。沿轧向分布的条状MnS夹杂使16MnR钢横向抗碱脆性能明显低于其纵向抗碱脆性能。钢中加入稀土元素可使夹杂物呈球状、弥散分布,降低材料各向异性程度,从而提高材料抗高温碱脆能力。分析表明,夹夹物对低合金钢碱脆性能的影响,受裂纹尖端塑性区单位体积中夹杂物在垂直于受力方向平面上的投影面积控制。
In this paper, three low-alloy steels with different distributions of inclusions (16MnR, A48CPR, 16MnRE) were studied by slow strain rate test (SSRT) to simulate the high-temperature alkali brittleness under simulated Bayer process. The results show that all three kinds of low alloy steels have alkali-brittleness susceptibility in caustic sodium aluminate solution at 260 ℃. The strip-shaped MnS inclusions distributed along the rolling direction make the transverse alkali-resistance brittleness of 16MnR steel significantly lower than its longitudinal alkali-resistance brittleness. Rare earth elements added to the steel can make inclusions spherical, dispersed distribution, reduce the degree of anisotropy of the material, thereby enhancing the resistance to high temperature alkali brittleness. The analysis shows that the influence of the clip on the alkali-brittleness of the low-alloy steel is controlled by the projected area of the inclusions in the unit area of the plastic zone of the crack tip perpendicular to the plane of the force.