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本文分析了人口老龄化的影响,发达经济体解决此问题所采取的政策措施,以及经合组织成员国外来人口劳动力市场的发展现状,并预测了发达经济体新自由贸易协定中移民相关方案的前景。本文认为,移民在扩大发达经济体的劳动力规模方面扮演了越来越重要的角色,从2008年全球经济危机爆发之后,发达经济体的移民规模一直处于非常高的水平。经济危机期间,欧洲和美国外来人口的就业表现出人意料地好,其就业趋势优于本地人口。而在最新一轮发达经济体之间自由贸易协定谈判当中,移民问题的重要性也越来越突出。
This article analyzes the impact of population aging, the policy measures adopted by developed economies to address this issue, and the status quo of the labor market in the non-OECD countries. It also predicts that the immigration-related programs in advanced free trade agreements in developed economies prospect. This article argues that immigrants have played an increasingly important role in expanding the labor force in developed economies. Since the outbreak of the global economic crisis in 2008, the scale of immigrants in developed economies has been at a very high level. During the economic crisis, the employment of migrants in Europe and the United States showed surprisingly good employment trends, outperforming the local population. In the latest round of free trade agreement negotiations among advanced economies, immigration issues have become more and more important.