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目的对汽车修理厂职工职业卫生知识和行为进行调查分析,了解维修工人职业卫生防护意识和健康状况,为完善相关法规政策和提高汽修工人健康水平提供依据。方法以118名汽修厂职工为调查对象,采用调查问卷进行现场调查;实地考察汽修厂、查阅职业卫生档案了解汽修厂企业基本情况、工艺流程中存在的职业危害种类及分布和职业卫生情况。结果 93.2%的职工学历为高中及中专以下,83.1%的职工月收入在3 000元以上;知晓工作岗位上存在的职业危害的有53人,知晓率为49.9%;知晓相应防护用品的有106人,知晓率为89.8%;不同年龄、工龄、文化水平和收入组间知晓率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。85.6%的汽修职工通过培训等传统方式获得职业卫生知识,40.7%通过网络、电视等新兴方式获取。104人上岗前参加过职业健康检查,检查率为88.1%;108人在岗期间参加过职业健康检查,检查率为91.5%。结论汽修职工具备一定职业卫生知识和良好的职业卫生习惯,但不能明确岗位上存在的职业危害和相应的个体防护措施。
Objective To investigate and analyze occupational health knowledge and behavior of workers in auto repair shop, understand the awareness and health status of occupational health protection workers, and provide the basis for improving laws and policies and improving the health level of auto repair workers. Methods A total of 118 auto repair factory workers were selected as the survey subjects, and questionnaires were used to carry out on-site investigations. Site visits were made to the auto repair factory and the files of occupational health were reviewed to understand the basic situation of the auto repair factory, the types and distribution of occupational hazards in the process, and occupational health Happening. Results 93.2% of the staff and workers ’qualifications are below the high school and secondary technical secondary school, 83.1% of the workers’ monthly income is over 3,000 yuan, 53 are aware of the occupational hazards on the job, and the awareness rate is 49.9%. Knowing about the corresponding protective articles 106 people, the awareness rate was 89.8%. There was no significant difference in awareness among different age, seniority, educational level and income group (P> 0.05). 85.6% of the auto repair workers got their occupational health knowledge through traditional methods such as training, and 40.7% were acquired through emerging means such as internet and television. 104 people took part in pre-employment occupational health examination, the examination rate was 88.1%; 108 during occupational occupational health examination, the inspection rate was 91.5%. Conclusion Auto repair workers possess certain occupational health knowledge and good occupational health habits, but they can not clarify the occupational hazards that exist on the job and the corresponding individual protective measures.