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目的调查女性乳腺疾病患者对健康知识的知晓情况,并给予相应的干预预防措施。方法选取首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院于2013-02/2015-08乳腺科收治的女性乳腺疾病住院患者343例,采用发放问卷的方式,对患者入院后即行健康知识知晓情况的调查,根据调查结果对患者在院期间进行干预及预防,于出院前1d再次进行相同调查。结果接受调查的女性乳腺疾病患者年龄在18~69岁之间,且18~40岁患者对健康知识的知晓率(22.78%)高于41~69岁患者(10.27%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者的文化程度以专科及以下学历为主(94.75%),其知晓率为18.77%(61/325),明显低于本科及以上学历的83.33%(15/18),且差异明显(P<0.05),具有统计学意义。对患者实施相应的干预预防措施后,由出院前1d的调查结果显示,患者对乳腺疾病的相关知识、健康生活习惯和基本技能各项的了解程度均明显高于干预前(P<0.05),具有统计学意义。结论女性乳腺疾病患者对健康知识的知晓度较低,医务人员应高度重视患者对乳腺知识认知欠缺的问题,加强干预与预防措施。
Objective To investigate the awareness of health knowledge among women with breast diseases and to provide corresponding interventions and preventive measures. Methods A total of 343 inpatients with breast cancer who were admitted to Beijing Maternity Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from 2013-02 / 2015-08 were enrolled in this study. The questionnaire was used to investigate the patients’ health awareness after admission. According to the survey Results The patients were intervened and prevented during the hospital stay. The same investigation was conducted again 1 day before discharge. Results The prevalence of breast cancer among women aged 18-69 years was higher than that of women aged from 41 to 69 (22.78%) in patients aged 18-40 years (10.27%), the difference was statistically significant (94.75%), the awareness rate was 18.77% (61/325), significantly lower than the 83.33% (15/18) of the bachelor’s degree or above, And the difference was significant (P <0.05), with statistical significance. According to the results of the first day before discharge, the level of understanding about the knowledge about breast disease, healthy living habits and basic skills were significantly higher than those before intervention (P <0.05) has statistical significane. Conclusion Female patients with breast disease awareness of health knowledge is low, medical staff should attach great importance to patients with cognitive deficiencies in breast knowledge, strengthen intervention and preventive measures.