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反应堆发生核事故时,放射性核素传输和扩散是影响事故辐射后果评价的重要因素。该文采用压力衰减法和气体示踪法2种实验手段对压水堆反应堆堆厅密封性能和核事故情况下堆厅的泄漏率进行了模拟试验研究。研究结果表明:在核事故后0.5h之内,反应堆堆厅内的放射性核素即可扩散到其他辅助厂房内,事故后0.5h内泄漏量占总释放量的50%以上;反应堆堆厅内的压力是影响泄漏率的重要因素,当压力为1.5MPa时,事故后0.5h之内,反应堆堆厅平均泄漏率可达6.04%;对于反应堆堆厅的泄漏率的检测,气体示踪实验是一种非常有效的方法。
In the event of a nuclear accident at a reactor, radionuclide transmission and diffusion are important factors that influence the assessment of the consequences of an accidental radiation. In this paper, the pressure decay method and gas tracer method were used to simulate the sealing performance of pressurized water reactor reactor and the leakage rate of reactor in nuclear accident. The results show that within 0.5h after a nuclear accident, the radionuclides in the reactor hall can diffuse into other auxiliary plants, and the leakage within 0.5h after the accident accounts for more than 50% of the total discharge. In the reactor hall Of the pressure is an important factor affecting the leakage rate, when the pressure is 1.5MPa, within 0.5h after the accident, reactor average leak rate of up to 6.04%; for the detection of the reactor hall leak rate, gas tracing experiments A very effective method.