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在提供公共教育和公共医疗卫生方面,西方发达国家的公共服务财力投入具有多种模式。西方发达国家对公共教育的财力投入,可以分为义务教育投入和高等教育投入两类,其中,义务教育投入这一类存在两种模式:中央政府为主模式和多级政府分担模式;高等教育投入这一类存在两种模式:政府拨款支撑模式和多元化分担模式。西方发达国家对公共医疗卫生的财力投入存在三种模式:政府包揽模式、社会医疗保险模式和二元化模式,其中,政府包揽模式又分为中央财政包干模式和两级财政分担模式。这些模式包含许多适合我国国情的启示和值得借鉴之处。
In providing public education and public health care, western developed countries have a variety of modes of public service financial input. The western developed countries’ financial investment in public education can be divided into two categories: compulsory education investment and higher education investment. Among them, there are two modes of compulsory education investment: central government-based and multi-level government sharing; higher education There are two modes of investment in this category: the government funding support mode and the diversification mode. Western developed countries have three modes of financial input into public medical and health care: the government take-over mode, the social health insurance mode and the dualization mode. Among them, the government takeover mode is divided into the central government’s one-off mode and the two-level fiscal sharing mode. These models contain many enlightenments that suit our national conditions and are worth learning from.