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足细胞是终末分化细胞,其受损导致的足细胞丢失是造成终末期肾病的最常见原因。足细胞为应对损伤可能已进化出某种抵抗足细胞脱落的机制。在应对损伤过程中,足细胞出现显著的形态改变,最主要的变化是足突融合,但其发生机制仍不是很清楚。本文就足细胞与肾小球基膜之间的黏附分子基础及对损伤反应所作出的各种形态结构变化作一简述,着重探讨足突融合的意义和足细胞剥离的机制。
Podocytes are terminally differentiated cells, the loss of which is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease. Podocytes that respond to injury may have evolved some mechanism of resistance to podocyte shedding. In response to injury, podocytes appear significant morphological changes, the most important change is foot process fusion, but the mechanism is still not very clear. In this paper, we briefly describe the molecular basis of adhesion between podocytes and glomerular basement membrane and the changes of various morphological changes made in response to injury, and focus on the significance of foot process fusion and the mechanism of podocyte stripping.