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2015年4月25日尼泊尔发生Ms 8.1级强震,震中距离中国西藏聂拉木地区约120km,但地震诱发该地区发生大量斜坡地质灾害,并导致交通阻断、人员伤亡及财产损失。震后应急调查显示地震诱发樟木地区以崩塌、滑坡及路基沉降等地质灾害为主,并导致樟木镇福利院滑坡局部震裂变形及邦村东滑坡震裂滑动,统计显示纵向上地质灾害分布距河床高差100~300m范围,空间上从樟木口岸-樟木镇-康山桥-聂拉木地震地质灾害发育密度逐渐减少。综合因素分析表明发震断层的“上盘效应”是导致樟木震害较严重的宏观背景,而其它断裂的“隔震效应”使得震动效应迅速衰减。此外,地形、高程及结构面是导致岩质斜坡动力破坏的主要影响因素,而堆积层变形破坏受控于其密实度及地下水富集特征。
On April 25, 2015, a magnitude 8.1 Ms 8.0 earthquake struck Nepal and the epicenter was about 120 km away from Nyalam region in Tibet, China. However, the earthquake triggered a large number of slope geological disasters in the area and resulted in traffic blockages, casualties and property losses. After the earthquake, an emergency survey showed that the earthquake caused Zhangjiamu area to collapse, landslide and roadbed settlement and other geological disasters, and led to the local town of Zhangmulin Weiliuyuan landslide local deformation and sliding deformation of the Bangcun East landslide, statistics show that vertical geological disasters Distribution range from the river bed elevation of 100 ~ 300m, space from Zhangmukou - Zhangmutang - Kangshanqiao - Nyalam geological disasters density gradually reduced. Comprehensive factor analysis shows that the “hanging wall effect” of the seismogenic fault is the macro background that causes the damage of the camphor wood, while the “isolation effect” of other faults makes the vibration effect decay rapidly. In addition, the topography, elevation and structural plane are the main factors that lead to the dynamic destruction of rock slopes. The deformation and deformation of the accumulation layer are controlled by its densification and groundwater enrichment characteristics.