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目前,中国缺少一种被广泛认可、普遍适用于中国自然条件的农田风蚀模型。本研究利用多年的野外风沙观测数据和风洞模拟实验结果,建立了一种基于河北坝上地区自然环境的农田风蚀经验模型。该模型涵盖风力侵蚀因子、粗糙干扰因子和土壤抗蚀因子三大风蚀影响因子,包括起沙风速、地表粗糙度、土壤可蚀性和土壤含水率四大风蚀影响要素,可对各种农田地表的风蚀量进行定量计算和预测。应用该模型对坝上地区2013年风蚀季农田风蚀量进行定量计算。结果表明,翻耕耙平地的平均风蚀量为39.45t·hm-2·a-1,莜麦留茬地的平均风蚀量为14.08t·hm-2·a-1,与采用其他方法得到的结果比较接近。在更广泛地区对模型进行验证和修订,促进该风蚀模型与“3S”技术融合是下一步的重点工作。
At present, China lacks a widely accepted model of agricultural wind erosion that is generally applicable to China’s natural conditions. In this study, based on years of field wind and sand observation data and wind tunnel simulation results, a wind farm experience model based on natural environment in Bashang area of Hebei Province was established. The model covers three major wind erosion factors, including wind erosion factor, roughness disturbance factor and soil erosion factor, including four wind erosion factors including wind speed, surface roughness, soil erodibility and soil water content, The amount of wind erosion is quantified and predicted. The model was used to quantitatively calculate the amount of wind erosion in the 2013 wind erosion season in Bashang area. The results showed that the average amount of wind erosion was 39.45t · hm-2 · a-1 and the average amount of wind erosion was 14.08 t · hm-2 · a-1 in tillable stubble fields. Compared with other methods The results are relatively close. Validating and revising the model in a wider area will promote the integration of the wind erosion model and the “3S ” technology in the next step.