为掌握宁夏回族肺结核患病情况 ,比较与汉族的异同点 ,了解结核病控制项目在回族地区的实施效果。选择回汉杂居的肺结核监测县 (市 )共 4个 ,统一填写科研课题监测报表和结核病控制项目病人登记本、管理卡、服药卡 ,将监测数据进行对比分析。项目实施后回族肺结核病例登记率、新登记率呈上升趋势 ,由 1 6 .77/1 0万上升为 1 9.71 /1 0万 ,新登记率由 2 3.5 8/1 0万上升为 2 8.74/1 0万 ,涂阳比例由 5 9.5 7/1 0 %上升为 6 7.6 3%。山区和川区回族人口相比 ,肺结核病例登记情况无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。回汉族各项登记指标有显著差异 ,尤其新登记率和涂阳新登记率两者间存在极显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1 )。结核病死亡率平均为 2 .33/1 0万 ,肺结核死亡率平均为2 .1 4 /1 0万 ,结核病死亡占传染病死亡的比例较高为 37.82 % ,结核病、肺结核病死亡率回汉族间无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。 1 996年患者就诊延迟占 5 2 .4% ,医务人员延迟仅占 9.8% ,97.35 %的病人能在确诊后 1 5天以内得到合理治疗。痰菌阴转 1年后复发率最高为 1 .75 % ,阴转 2年后复发率为零。结果提示 ,结核病控制项目在回族地区亦获得明显的成效 ,回族肺结核患病人数下降快于汉族 ;戒烟是降低肺结核患病人数的重要措施。 In order to grasp the prevalence of tuberculosis in the Hui ethnic group in Ningxia and to compare the similarities and differences with the Han nationality and understand the effect of the TB control project in the Hui ethnic region. Choose to be a total of 4 pulmonary tuberculosis monitoring counties (cities) inhabited by Hui and Han, fill in the scientific research project monitoring report and the patient registration form, management card and medication card of the TB control project, and compare the monitoring data. After the implementation of the project, the rate of registration and rate of cases of tuberculosis among the Hui people has been on the rise. From 1.6771 million to 1 9.71 / 10 million, the new registration rate has risen from 23.51 million to 28.74 / The number of smear-positive people increased from 5 9.5 7/1 0% to 6 7.6 3%. Compared with the Hui people living in mountainous areas, there was no significant difference in the registration of cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (P> 0.05). There are significant differences between the registration indexes of Han nationality, especially the new enrollment rate and the new registration rate of smear positive difference (P <0.01). The average mortality rate of tuberculosis was 2.33 per 100 000. The average tuberculosis death rate was 2.14 million per 100 000. Tuberculosis deaths accounted for 37.82% of the deaths from infectious diseases. Tuberculosis and tuberculosis death rates were back to the Han nationality No significant difference (P> 0.05). In 1992, the delay in treatment was 52.4%, medical staff delayed only 9.8%, and 97.35% of patients were treated within 15 days after diagnosis. Phlegm Yin 1 year after the recurrence rate of up to 1.75%, Yin 2 years after the recurrence rate was zero. The results suggest that tuberculosis control projects have also achieved remarkable results in the Hui region. The prevalence of tuberculosis in the Hui population has dropped faster than that in the Han population. Smoking cessation is an important measure to reduce the number of tuberculosis cases.