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不安腿综合征(Restless Legs Syndrome,RLS)是一种常见的神经系统感觉运动障碍性疾病,该病可严重影响患者的睡眠、显著降低其生活质量。RLS最早由英国的Wills于1685年提出,其后Ekbom于1945年作过系统总结,第一次全面描述了该病,故又称Ekbom综合征。尽管RLS发病率高,但尚未引起临床医生的足够重视,常造成误诊或漏诊。笔者现就近年来RLS的流行病学、病因、临床表现、诊断以及药物治疗的研究进展作一综述。
Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a common nervous system sensorimotor dyskinesia that can seriously affect the patient’s sleep and significantly reduce their quality of life. RLS was first proposed by British Wills in 1685, and then Ekbom made a systematic summary in 1945, for the first time a comprehensive description of the disease, it is also known as Ekbom syndrome. Although the incidence of RLS is high, it has not attracted enough attention from clinicians and often leads to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. The author reviews the epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and drug treatment of RLS in recent years.