以日语量词“本”为例,分析了日语量词多义性形成的原理。随着时代和社会的发展,日语量词用法的意象图式在人们的大脑中得到扩展派生的同时,日语量词用法还通过与意象图式的相似性(隐喻)和关联性(转喻)得到了进一步扩展派生。这种扩展派生是人类认知的必然产物,我们可以利用这种认知特点和规律进行有效的教学,使多义词的教学变得生动有趣。 Taking the Japanese quantifier “Ben ” as an example, the principle of the formation of the polysemy of Japanese quantifiers is analyzed. With the development of the times and society, while the image schema of Japanese quantifier usage is extended and derived from people’s minds, the usage of Japanese quantifiers is also obtained through the similarity (metaphor) and relevance (metonymy) with the image schema To further extend the derivative. This extended derivation is the inevitable product of human cognition. We can use this cognitive characteristics and laws to carry out effective teaching and make the teaching of polysemous words become vivid and interesting.