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目的了解乌鲁木齐市社区2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者和高危人群的心理状况,为社区2型糖尿病相关心理干预提供理论依据。方法采用自制基本情况问卷和康奈尔医学指数(CMI)量表中的M-R精神部分,调查470名乌鲁木齐市社区医院门诊的T2DM患者和高危人群的一般资料和心理情况,并分析心理问题的影响因素。结果 T2DM患者和高危人群社会人口学资料无统计学差异,均衡可比。收入、BMI、糖尿病家族史、合并慢病数在两人群间有差异,CMI精神量表查出T2DM患者中有17.6%具有心理障碍,13.1%存在心理异常,高危人群中有9.3%具有心理障碍,16.1%存在心理异常,两组差异有统计学意义。不适应、抑郁、敏感、愤怒、紧张心理倾向在两人群中分布有差异,均在T2DM人群中有较高表达。月收入越高的T2DM人群心理问题的风险越低(OR=0.425),T2DM合并心脑血管病患者有心理问题的风险是单纯T2DM患者的0.428倍。高危人群中年龄越大的人群有心理问题的风险越小(OR=0.906),汉族患者有心理问题的风险是少数民族的5.316倍,与本科及以上文化程度的高危人群相比,小学及以下有心理问题的风险较大(OR=2.987,P<0.05)。结论乌鲁木齐市社区T2DM患者的敏感、愤怒和紧张情绪的表达较突出,T2DM人群查出心理障碍较多,高危人群心理异常的较多,社区卫生部门应加强对T2DM人群的心理干预治疗,对糖尿病高危人群做好心理疏导,预防心理障碍。
Objective To understand the psychological status of community-type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and high-risk population in Urumqi and to provide a theoretical basis for psychological intervention in community type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Using the self-made basic questionnaire and the MR mental part of the Cornell Medical Index (CMI) scale, the general data and psychological status of 470 T2DM patients and high-risk groups in outpatient community clinics of Urumqi Community Hospital were investigated and the impact of psychological problems was analyzed factor. Results There was no significant difference in socio-demographic data between T2DM patients and high-risk groups, with comparable balance. Revenue, BMI, family history of diabetes, and chronic disease with co-morbidities differed between the two groups. CMI was found in 17.6% of T2DM patients with psychiatric disorders, 13.1% of psychologically abnormalities, and 9.3% of high-risk groups with psychiatric disorders , 16.1% had psychological abnormalities, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. Discomfort, depression, sensitivity, anger, stressful tendencies in the distribution of the two groups are different, are higher in T2DM population. The lower the risk of psychological problems in T2DM population with higher monthly income (OR = 0.425), the risk of psychological problems in T2DM patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was 0.428 times of T2DM patients. The risk of psychological problems is lower for the older population at risk (OR = 0.906). The risk of psychological problems in Han patients is 5.316 times that of ethnic minorities. Compared with the high-risk population of undergraduate education or above, There is a greater risk of psychological problems (OR = 2.987, P <0.05). Conclusions The expression of sensitivity, anger and nervousness in T2DM patients are more prominent in community of Urumqi. There are more mental disorders in T2DM population and more psychological abnormalities in high risk population. Community health department should strengthen psychological intervention in T2DM patients, High-risk groups do psychological counseling to prevent psychological disorders.