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目的:探讨30天模拟失重后高+Gx过载对猴猴心肌超微结构、血浆内皮素-1及C反应蛋白的影响,来研究模拟失重超重对心血管的影响,本实验为研究抗荷服和飞船轨道运行段应急返回超重医学提供实验数据。方法:15只雄性猕猴随机分为5组,即模拟失重组(对照组,A),+13 Gx/230 s组(B),模拟失重超重组+11 Gx/270 s(C),模拟失重超重组+13 Gx/230 s(D)和模拟失重超重组+15 Gx/200 s(E)。动物放血处死,抽取血液测定血浆内皮素-1及C反应蛋白的含量,组织取材后经戊二醛固定,制成电镜标本,观察猴心肌超微结构的变化。结果:C组、D组和E组血浆内皮素-1及C反应蛋白含量较A组升高,有统计学意义(P<0.05),C、D、E组之间无统计学意义(P>0.05)。D组血浆内皮素-1及C反应蛋白含量较B组升高,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。电镜下A组可见线粒体双层膜结构清晰,线粒体嵴清晰;B、C、D组部分线粒体出现双层膜结构消失,嵴数量减少;E组线粒体出现水肿、空泡样变,肌节断裂。结论:(1)失重后超重+13 Gx可引起心肌轻微损伤,失重后超重+15 Gx心肌损伤严重,且损伤程度随着+Gx值的增加而加重。(2)失重后超重比单纯超重心肌损伤严重。(3)本实验为超重耐力研究和提出科学合理的飞船轨道运行段应急返回超重医学提供实验支持。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of high + Gx overload on the cardiac ultrastructure, plasma endothelin-1 and C-reactive protein after 30-day simulated weightlessness in rats to study the effect of simulated weightlessness on cardiovascular function. And spacecraft orbital section emergency return overweight medicine to provide experimental data. Methods: Fifteen male cynomolgus monkeys were randomly divided into five groups: control group (A), +13 Gx / 230 s group (B), simulated weightless overweight group +11 Gx / 270 s Overweight group +13 Gx / 230 s (D) and simulated weight overweight group +15 Gx / 200 s (E). Animals were exsanguinated and blood samples were taken for determination of plasma endothelin-1 and C-reactive protein. The tissues were harvested and fixed with glutaraldehyde. Electron microscopy was performed to observe the ultrastructural changes in the myocardium. Results: The plasma levels of endothelin-1 and C-reactive protein in groups C, D and E were significantly higher than those in group A (P <0.05), but not in groups C, D and E (P > 0.05). Plasma ET-1 and C-reactive protein levels in group D were significantly higher than those in group B (P <0.05). Under electron microscope, the mitochondrial membrane structure of group A was clear and the mitochondria cristae were clear. The bilayer membrane structure disappeared and the number of cristae disappeared in part of mitochondria of group B, C and D, and the edema, vacuolar degeneration and sarcomere rupture occurred in group E. Conclusion: (1) The overweight +13 Gx after weightlessness can cause slight myocardial injury. After weightlessness, the overweight +15 Gx myocardial damage is serious, and the degree of injury aggravates with the increase of + Gx value. (2) After weightlessness than overweight myocardial injury serious. (3) This experiment provides experimental support for the study of overweight and endurance and the scientific return of overweight medicine in emergency orbital section of spacecraft.