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一台使用期为20年1Cr18Ni9Ti钢制的啤酒发酵罐内壁发现大量褐色斑点,经渗透检测,发现外壁夹套与筒体焊缝存在大量裂纹,裂纹穿透整个筒体壁厚形成内壁褐色斑点,作者分析焊接接头裂纹的机理,指出由于对裂纹敏感的材质、拘束应力和腐蚀介质三个因素的作用导致焊接接头产生裂纹。作者调研早期啤酒发酵罐使用含碳量较高的1Cr18Ni9Ti钢制的啤酒发酵罐均不同程度存在裂纹,指出使用含碳量较低的0Cr18Ni9或00Cr18Ni9钢制作压力容器是防止裂纹的根本措施。
A period of 20 years of 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel beer fermentation tank wall found a large number of brown spots, the penetration test found that there is a large number of outer wall jacket and barrel weld cracks, cracks penetrate the entire cylinder wall thickness to form brown spots, The author analyzes the mechanism of crack in welded joint, and points out that the crack of welded joint is caused by the three factors of the crack-sensitive material, restraining stress and corrosive medium. The author investigated the early beer fermenter using higher carbon 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel beer fermenter cracks to varying degrees, pointed out that the use of low carbon content of 0Cr18Ni9 or 00Cr18Ni9 steel pressure vessel is the fundamental measure to prevent cracks.