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中药质量直接影响治疗效果。而中药在贮藏保管中又受环境因素的影响,现将这些环境因素对中药质量的影响分述如下: 1 空气对药材的影响 空气中含有氢、氧、氖、氩和臭氧等,其中氧和臭氧对药物影响最大。例如含挥发油的药物受到氧的作用易树脂化,含脂肪油的药物则易氧化、结块。含油脂的药物则易氧化“酸败”,部分含生物碱的药物与空气长期接触也容易使药物颜色发生变化,如黄芩中黄芩甙在一定温度湿度和黄芩酶的作用下易氧化成醌类而显绿色,其成分受到破坏,质量降低。此外鞣质类药物也易氧化变色。 2 温度对药材的影响 在15～20℃,药材化学成分和外形是稳定的,但温
The quality of Chinese medicine directly affects the therapeutic effect. The influence of environmental factors on the quality of traditional Chinese medicine is as follows: 1 Influence of air on medicinal materials The air contains hydrogen, oxygen, helium, argon and ozone, among which oxygen and Ozone has the greatest impact on drugs. For example, drugs containing volatile oils are readily resinized by oxygen and drugs containing fatty oils are susceptible to oxidation and agglomeration. Drugs containing oils are prone to oxidation and “rancidity”, and some drugs containing alkaloids can easily change the color of the drug by prolonged contact with air. For example, Scutellaria baicalensis may be easily oxidized into quinones under the influence of certain temperature and humidity and astragalus enzymes. It is green and its components are damaged and its quality is reduced. In addition, tannins are easily oxidized and discolored. 2 Influence of temperature on medicinal materials At 15～20°C, the chemical composition and appearance of medicinal materials are stable, but the temperature