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通过对山西省太岳山15年生华北落叶松人工林群落的调查,采用生态位理论和Hegyi单木竞争模型对华北落叶松林的种内及种间关系进行了分析。结果表明:(1)群落中华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)和白桦(Betula platyphylla)的生态位宽度较大,生态位相似性比例较高,但生态位重叠值较低,说明目前环境资源较充裕,群落内资源利用性竞争较弱;(2)通过Hegyi竞争指数计算发现,该地区华北落叶松竞争范围为6 m,竞争强度排序为白桦>华北落叶松(种内)>红皮云杉(Picea koraiensis)>黄花柳(Salix caprea),随着胸径的增大,华北落叶松受到的竞争强度逐渐减小;(3)幂函数对竞争模型的非线性拟合结果最为理想,所得的拟合模型能较为准确地预测不同径级华北落叶松的竞争强度情况,通过模型预测发现,华北落叶松在胸径生长达到60~70 cm之后,竞争强度变化不大,群落达到较稳定状态;(4)群落Godron稳定性指数为39/61,距离稳定点20/80较远,说明群落的稳定性较差,未来会产生较激烈的竞争;(5)提出一种新的竞争范围划定方法,采用竞争样圆内单位面积上每株树的平均竞争强度来计算竞争范围,结果更为直观、精确,可以准确地划分竞争的内圈和外圈。
Based on the investigation of the 15-year old Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation in Taiyue Mountain of Shanxi Province, the interspecific and interspecific relationships of Larix principis-rupprechtii were analyzed by using niche theory and Hegyi single-wood competition model. The results showed that: (1) Larix principis-rupprechtii and Betula platyphylla had larger niche breadth, higher niche similarity, but lower niche overlap, indicating that the current environmental resources (2) According to Hegyi competition index, the competition range of Larix principis-rupprechtii in this region is 6 m, and the order of competition intensity is as follows: Betula platyphylla> Larix principis-rupprechtii> (Picea koraiensis> Salix caprea). With the increase of DBH, the competition intensity of Larix principis-rupprechtii decreased gradually. (3) The nonlinear fitting result of power function to competition model was the best. The fitting model can predict the competitive intensity of Larix principis-rupprechtii with different diameters more accurately. The model predicts that the competitive intensity of Larix principis-rupprechtii variegata does not change much when the DBH growth reaches 60 ~ 70 cm, and the community reaches a stable state. 4) The Godron stability index of the community is 39/61, far away from the stability point 20/80, indicating that the stability of the community is poor and will lead to more intense competition in the future; (5) Propose a new method for delineating the scope of competition , Using the competition within the sample The average intensity per tree Competition Competition calculated position range on the area, the result is more intuitive, precise, competition can be accurately divided inner and outer rings.