意大利地形复杂,土壤也多种多样,主要有地中海红色土、地中海棕色土、棕色钙质土、棕色森林土、棕色灰化土、变性土、冲积土、粗骨土等。意大利工业发达,也是化肥主要生产国。早在三十年代即为当时世界第三大磷肥生产国,二次大战后,西西里岛发现了钾盐矿,促进了意大利钾肥生产,到1960年意大利已成为世界第七大化肥生产 Italy has a complex terrain and varied soils. There are mainly Mediterranean red soil, Mediterranean brown soil, brown calcareous soil, brown forest soil, brown ashed soil, denatured soil, alluvial soil and coarse-grained soil. Italy’s industrial development, but also the main producer of fertilizers. As early as the 1930s was the third largest phosphate producer in the world at the time. After World War II, sylvite deposits were discovered in Sicily to promote the production of potash fertilizer in Italy. By 1960 Italy had become the seventh largest fertilizer producer in the world