通过相关、通径及回归分析，分析了新疆灌溉区春小麦不同产量水平下的产量构成因素。结果表明，在小于60t／hm2产量水平下，稳数是决定产量的主导因子；在6.0—7.5t／hm2产量水平下，三个因素均很重要，有多种增产途径；在大于7．5t／hm2产至水平下，必须在保证一定稳数基础上地加千粒重，稳定稳粒数以获高产；穗数在任何产量水平均对产量有重要作用，稳粒数在任何产量水平时对产量的作用均居三因素末，千粒重在大于6．0t／hm2产量水平时，对产量有重要作用。 Through correlation, path analysis and regression analysis, the yield components of spring wheat at different yield levels in Xinjiang irrigation area were analyzed. The results showed that under the production level of less than 60t / hm2, the stability number is the dominant factor in yield control. Under the production level of 6.0-7.5t / hm2, all three factors are important and there are many ways to increase production; / Hm2 to the level of production, must be guaranteed to a certain stability based on the number of 1000-grain weight, stable grain number to be high yield; spike number in any yield level have an important role on the yield, grain number at any level of production yield The role of three factors at the end, 1000-grain weight greater than 6.0t / hm2 output levels, have an important role in the yield.