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目的分析唐山市2011-2015年性传播疾病(Sexually Transmitted Diseases,STDs)的流行病学特征,为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法对唐山市2011-2015年STDs的流行情况进行趋势及描述性分析。结果近5年来,唐山市STDs报告病例数为9 104例,年均发病率为23.74/10万,其中梅毒、艾滋病、GH和CT的发病率成上升趋势,淋病和CA的发病率呈下降趋势;病种构成以梅毒比例最高(68.46%),其次为CA(11.94%),淋病局第3位(10.13%)。5年内STDs男女性别比为1.18∶1,总体男性患者多于女性;以20~29岁年龄比例最大(34.86%);农民、家务及待业和工人为主要发病人群,分别占总发病人数的36.42%、18.21%和8.18%;5年STDS总发病率位于前5位的县(市)区依次为:路北区(44.79/10万)、滦县(34.00/10万)、古冶区(32.86/10万)、路南区(31.26/10万)和开平区(28.75/10万);一年四季均有发病。结论唐山市近5年STDs发病整体呈上升趋势,梅毒是STDs防治工作的重点。加强STDs防治知识的宣传和教育工作,努力控制STDs的传播和蔓延,提倡安全性行为,降低STDs的发病率是当前和今后唐山市STDs防治工作的重中之重。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in Tangshan from 2011 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention and treatment measures. Methods The trend and descriptive analysis of prevalence of STDs in Tangshan from 2011 to 2015 were analyzed. Results In the past five years, there were 9 104 cases of STDs reported in Tangshan City, with an average annual incidence of 23.74 / 100 000. The incidence of syphilis, AIDS, GH and CT was on the rise, and the incidence of gonorrhea and CA was declining The highest prevalence of syphilis was found (68.46%), the next was CA (11.94%) and the third was gonorrhea (10.13%). The male to female ratio of STDs was 1.18: 1 in 5 years, with more men than women in general; the highest was 20- 29 years old (34.86%); peasants, housework, unemployed and workers were the main affected persons, accounting for 36.42 %, 18.21%, and 8.18% respectively. The five-year STDS prevalence in the top 5 counties was 44.79 / lakh in Lubei district, 34.00 / lakh in Luan county, 32.86 / 100,000), Lunan District (31.26 / 100,000) and Kaiping District (28.75 / 100,000). Conclusion The overall incidence of STDs in Tangshan City has been on the rise in recent 5 years. Syphilis is the focus of STDs prevention and treatment. Strengthening STDs prevention and treatment of knowledge advocacy and education, efforts to control the spread and spread of STDs, to promote safe sex behavior, reduce the incidence of STDs is the current and future Tangshan STDs prevention and control work top priority.