大部分地区冬小麦的生产潜力比春小麦的大.但是由于耐寒性弱妨碍了寒冷地区的冬小麦生产.而且由传统的育种方法提高冬小麦耐寒性的课题至今未获成功.其原因是目前大部分耐寒品种中都具有耐寒的全部主要基因.面对冬小麦基因库中耐寒性的遗传变异性有限的现实,研究者们将注意力转向有亲缘关系的物种上.Fowler等(1977)在研究耐寒性基因中,筛选出了小麦属的几个种和方穗山羊草、黑麦等一些抗寒材料.其中,黑麦最耐寒,其次是六倍体小麦.但是,黑麦的耐寒性在与小麦杂交中,因易受影响而表现不出来,所以难以用于改良小麦(Dvorak等,1978).Limin等 Most winter wheat production potential than spring wheat.But because of cold hardiness hindered the winter wheat production in cold areas.And by traditional breeding methods to improve the winter wheat cold hard subject has so far been unsuccessful.The reason is that most of the current cold hardy varieties Has all the major cold-tolerant genes.In the face of the limited genetic variability of cold tolerance in the winter wheat gene pool, researchers turned their attention to related species.Fowler et al. (1977) , Some species of wheat genus and some cold-resistant materials such as ryegrass and ryegrass were screened out, among which rye was the most hardy, followed by hexaploid wheat.However, the cold tolerance of rye , Is not readily apparent due to its susceptibility to influence, so it is difficult to improve wheat (Dvorak et al., 1978)