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目前地铁及隧道火灾的研究注重于某一方面,如对通风、烟气流动、火灾载荷等进行模拟和实验,或者从防止火灾的总体角度进行定性评价和论述,少有对其发生火灾危险性进行定量综合分析和评价。本文从安全管理、消防设计、消防设备和应急设备等4方面建立了地铁火灾危险性的评价体系,探讨了利用模糊数学理论对其进行定量综合评价的方法和过程。文中的分析过程给出了一阶和二阶模糊综合评判,实际应用时,阶数可根据情况有所增减,同时权重系数及模糊评判矩阵的确定应综合各方面意见。实例分析的结果表明,利用模糊综合评判对地铁火灾危险性进行综合评价是可行的。该方法可以找出定性评价地铁火灾危险性的不足之处,为地铁性能化防火设计以及运营管理提供有益的参考。
At present, the research on subway and tunnel fire focuses on one aspect, such as simulating and experiment on ventilation, flue gas flow and fire load, or from the overall perspective of fire prevention, Conduct quantitative comprehensive analysis and evaluation. This article from the safety management, fire protection design, fire fighting equipment and emergency equipment to establish a metro fire hazard evaluation system, discusses the use of fuzzy mathematics theory to quantitatively evaluate the method and process. The first-order and second-order fuzzy comprehensive judgments are given in the analysis. In practice, the orders can be increased or decreased according to the situation. At the same time, the weight coefficients and the fuzzy evaluation matrix should be determined according to various opinions. The results of the example analysis show that it is feasible to use the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to evaluate the subway fire danger comprehensively. This method can find out the shortcomings of the qualitative evaluation of the subway fire danger and provide useful reference for the performance-based fire protection design and operation management of the subway.