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肺癌是威胁人类生命健康最主要的恶性肿瘤之一,实现无创、快速的早期肺癌诊断技术对提高患者的生存率有重要的意义.大量研究结果表明,癌症患者的人体代谢气味,如呼出气体、体液以及排泄物中含有健康人不具有的特异性挥发气体.哺乳动物能够辨别并记忆约一万种不同的气味,部分具有异常高灵敏嗅觉系统的哺乳动物能检测到空气中极其痕量的气体分子.因此,动物的嗅觉在缉毒、搜爆、反恐等社会防范方面发挥着重要的作用.目前,国外学者研究发现哺乳动物能够正确区分癌症患者与健康人的代谢气体,并证明了用哺乳动物检测人体呼出气体从而实现肺癌诊断的可行性.本文首先分析了目前肺癌呼出气体的诊断方法,包括气相色谱-质谱联用方法和正在发展中的仿生电子鼻检测方法,在此基础上,本文重点介绍了基于动物嗅觉进行呼出气体检测诊断肺癌的研究现状,并结合我们实验室进行的利用动物嗅球在体检测气味诊断肺癌的研究工作,介绍了基于动物嗅觉检测肺癌的“在体生物电子鼻”研究进展,最后对该领域的发展趋势进行了展望.
Lung cancer is one of the most important malignant tumors that threaten human life and health. The realization of a non-invasive and rapid diagnosis technique for early lung cancer is of great significance in improving the survival rate of patients. A large number of research results show that the metabolic odor of the human body in cancer patients, such as exhaled gases, Body fluids and excretions contain specific volatile gases that healthy people do not possess. Mammals can recognize and remember about 10,000 different odors. Some mammals with abnormally sensitive olfactory systems can detect extremely trace amounts of gases in the air. Molecularism. Therefore, the animal’s sense of smell plays an important role in social prevention such as narcotics, search explosions, and anti-terrorism. At present, foreign scholars have found that mammals can correctly distinguish metabolic gases from cancer patients and healthy people and prove that they use mammals. The feasibility of detecting human exhaled gas to achieve lung cancer diagnosis is discussed. This article first analyzes the diagnostic methods of lung cancer exhaled gases, including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method and bionic electronic nose detection method under development. Based on this, this article focuses on This paper introduces the development of exhaled gas detection for the diagnosis of lung cancer based on animal sense of smell The research status and the research work on the use of animal olfactory bulbs to detect odors in lung cancer in our laboratory are introduced. The research progress of “in vivo biological electronic nose” based on animal olfactory detection lung cancer is introduced. Finally, the development trend in this field is introduced. Looking ahead.