采用热水取暖来代替蒸汽取暖,是一项十分有效的节能措施,因此,在二次世界性能源危机后,热水锅炉和集中供热引起了人们的充分重视,在国外,在欧美、苏联等国得到了很大的发展。 但是,除了在用热集中的区域可以安装热电站来供应热量外,对于大量中小型企业和用热分散的单位,都备有小型热水锅炉来满足本单位的热能需要。热水锅炉的季节性很强,仅在采暖期中加以使用。此外,即使在采暖期间,相当数量的热水锅炉都是在低负荷下运行 Therefore, after the second world energy crisis, hot water boilers and central heating have aroused people’s full attention. In foreign countries, in Europe and the United States, the Soviet Union Great progress has been made in other countries. However, in addition to installing heat and power stations for heat supply in hot concentrated areas, small-scale hot-water boilers are available for a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises and for decentralized units to meet the thermal needs of their own units. Hot water boiler season is very strong, only to be used during the heating period. In addition, a significant number of hot water boilers operate at low loads even during heating